Historia familiar de consumo de alcohol y su relación con consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de enfermería

Resumen

Se evaluó la historia familiar del consumo de alcohol (HFCA) y su relación con el
consumo de alcohol en universitarios. Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional y transversal.
Muestra no probabilística de 175 estudiantes de enfermería del centro occidente de México,
muestreo a conveniencia. Instrumentos: Inventario de Historia Familiar de Consumo de
Alcohol (=.77) y cuestionario AUDIT (=.78). Se respetó el derecho al anonimato y a la
retractación. Se utilizó estadística descriptica y x 2 de Pearson. Mayoría mujeres (82.95),
solteros (94.9%), con media de edad de 21.67 (DE=3.753), cursaban primer año ((36.6%) y
vivían con madre y padre (66.3%). Consumieron alcohol por lo menos una vez en la vida 78.9%
de los participantes; 65.1% presentaron historia familiar de consumo de alcohol negativa y
81.7% tuvieron bajo riesgo a consumo de alcohol. No hubo relación estadísticamente
significativa (x 2 =6.529, p=0.89) entre HFCA y consumo de alcohol. Se sugiere proponer
estrategias para disminuir el consumo de alcohol.

Palabras clave: relaciones familiares, consumo de alcohol, estudiantes, enfermería

Abstract

The family history of alcohol consumption (HFCA) and its relationship with alcohol
consumption in university students were evaluated. Quantitative study, correlational and
transversal. Non-probability sample 175 nursing students from occident center Mexico,
sampling at convenience. Instruments: History family consumer inventory of alcohol (=.77)
and questionnaire AUDIT (=.78). Anonymous, confidence and retraction were established.
Descriptive statistic and Pearson ́s x 2 were used. Mostly women (82.9%), single (94.9%), mean
21.67 (SD=3.753), first year college (36.6%), living with parents (66.3%). They drink alcohol
at least once in their lives (66.3%) of the sample; 65.1% demonstrated negative family history
alcohol consumption and 81.7% had low risk of alcohol consumer. There was not statistic
meaningful relationship (x 2 =6.529, p=0.89) between HFCA and alcohol consumer. We suggest
proposing strategies in order to reduce alcohol consumption.

Keywords: Family relations, students, alcohol consumption, nursing